Joint ventures in agriculture: Lessons from land reform projects in South Africa

‘Inclusive business models’ have recently attracted renewed interest, as part of wider debates about growing agricultural investment in developing countries. This report discusses joint ventures in South Africa’s agricultural sector, where land reform beneficiaries entered into a range of joint ventures with commercial partners. The specifics of South Africa's experience of inclusive business models are linked to its history and recent land reform programme. The report provides a cautionary tale for international debates about inclusive business models, while also identifying more promising models that are now starting to emerge.